Sunday, October 28, 2012

Assessment 2: Fanfiction & Exegesis


Part 1: Fan Fiction

In his sleep he whispers like a hissing snake, ‘Sssakura, my cherry blosssom’ rolling over, his fat meaty arm crushes my chest and the stench of sake burns my throat. The rolling of the ship makes my mind swim further into confusion at the events of the two days: Okaasan’s screams as the village of Nissaka-shuku
went up in flames, licking her body as she writhed against the rope that held her, and then pirates took all the young women as they continued to rampage along the Tōkaidō coastal route.  I hold my breath, smothering my face into the sheets hoping to suffocate myself. I know what will happen, they will use us as they will until they grow bored and sell us into the brothels, fetching whatever price they can get. Either way my life is condemned. My throat tears at itself and my lungs burn; I come up gasping.  The big snake rears his arm and wraps itself around my body drawing me closer. Perhaps if I can’t kill myself, he will.
I hold my breath again, and then the tears start, I try to keep silent. I refuse to let him see me as weak; I am not his cherry blossom, I am no one’s except my own.

The smell of seaspray enters on the breeze through the window and it calms my senses but brings up anger at the same time. My mother, my Okaasan, would not let me succumb to this, I know am better and this imbecile has no right over me. I was raised without a father and I vowed to never allow a man to have power over me. Okaasan did not deserve to die the way that she did and I do not deserve to be here. I feel rage bubbling up through my entire being and I look at the useless waste of a man lying next to me. So drunk he fell asleep with his eboshi still on. I sit up slowly, blessing the lack of food for my slight frame allowing me to be light and silent. I look around squinting through the dark attempting to see what may be fit for an escape trying to recollect the layout of the ship. It is a small ship, with about twelve men, it seems two of them are in the cabin with me. Surprise will be my advantage, surprise and doing it silently. There’s a glint of silver in the moonlight, a sword lying on the ground but inches from a limp arm. Taking a deep breath I climb over the sleeping mound next to me, I hold my breath; someone coughs. I freeze. Involuntarily, my eyes shut tightly waiting for a blow. The cough turns into a sniffle, I open my eyes and look across the room. A small dark haired figure in the corner. The glow of her skin tells me she’s naked. The sniffles, turn into quiet but panicked sobs.
‘Shhhh!’ I whisper loudly.
The bulk below me repositions himself knocking me over the edge of the bed onto the wooden floor. My face feels as if its cracked but I lay dead still, waiting for one of the men to wake up. A minute passes, nothing happens, I start pull myself but then I feel someone next to me. They pull the hair a way from my face and like lightning I grab hold of their wrist; my fingers wrap right around it. I gasp, and my attacker emits a squeak. I pull myself up and pull them down, moving the hair out of my face and then I see Aki! Aki!

‘Sakura!’ Her eyes are wide, and I can see her chest rise and fall faster and faster as she starts to hyperventilate.
‘Aki! sshhh’ I pull her close, stroking her back whispering, ‘We are going to get out of here, but I need you to be strong ok. No more crying until this is over.’
She nods.
‘Who else is here with us?’ she shakes her head in confusion and her eyes well up.
‘Its ok, just keep quiet until I call you ok. Stand still.’
I crouch down next to the second sleeping man and inch the sword away from his dirt-encrusted hand. Standing up I see a piece of discarded cloth. I remember how Okaasan taught me how to hold it over the goats’ nostrils before the slaughter because its desperate bleating caused her distress. Turning to Aki, I motion for her to come closer.

‘Our advantage is surprise and silence, now watch closely.’ I show her how to hold the cloth, making sure it covers both mouth and nose tightly. ‘Press extra hard, I’ll drive the sword into his chest, where the heart is. I’ll be fast’.
We approach the man, his breathing deep and rhythmical in drunken sleep.
‘On my count: Ichi...ni..san!’
Aki’s entire body exerts pressure onto the sleeping man’s face, his legs and arms thrash first as I plunge the sword deep into his chest, his eyes are wide and then dead before the blood can spill from his lips. I wrench the sword out, my arms shaking like reeds in the wind. I look at Aki, her face now the colour of white rice.
I hold a finger to my lips, telling her to keep quiet and then point over at the bed where I was sleeping. She shakes her head: no.
I tip toe over to her, whispering urgently, ‘If we don’t kill him, he is going to kill us. Aki! I’ll count again.’
The man snores in slumber causing us both to jump. Aki looks at me, nods.
Creeping over, she positions herself over him and I take a stance ready to hit hard.
Ichi, ni, san!’
The cloth covers his face, but Aki’s elbows give in and the sleeping man’s flailing  arms catch her in the face knocking her over. I blindly plunge the sword into his chest, missing his heart but injuring him all the same. The blood spurts warm across my face, dripping. I grab Aki and head for the door.  The night is clear and warm but I imagine the man breathing down my neck and I have to act fast. Then I see the wasen!
‘Aki! Come!’
We push the canoe overboard and jump in, paddling as fast as possible into the silent night. No one screams after us, no one comes after us. I stare defiantly at the ship. My am no longer Sakura. I am not a delicate cherry blossom. I am Lady Eboshi.


Glossary:
(I have no experience with the Japanese language so these translations are taken directly from a Google search for the means of this assessment – I hope they are accurate.)

eboshi – a form of hat worn by the gyoji presiding over a wrestling match.

Ichi...ni..san – One,  two three

Nissaka-shuku - was the twenty-fifth of the fifty-three stations of the Tōkaidō.

Okaasan – mother

Sake -  Japanese rice wine

Tōkaidō – the most important of the Five Routes of the Edo period, connecting Edo (modern-day      Tokyo) to Kyoto in JapanThe Tōkaidō travelled along the sea coast of eastern Honshū.

wasen – Traditional Japanse boat/canoe


Part 2: Exegesis

In terms of ‘world-building’ (Horrocks, 2004) I chose to focus on the character of Lady Eboshi in Miyazaki’s Princess Mononoke (1997).  The word ‘eboshi’ was traditionally the hat worn by a gyoji (referee) presiding over a sumo match – in the film Lady Eboshi may be seen as the gyogi forcing the match between man and nature. I wanted to explore the past of her character because it was unusual to have a dominant, ruling female figure in the era that the film is set. Additionally, she is an aggressive yet nurturing leader – aiming to destroy San, the forest and everything natural while rescuing the outliers of society (prostitutes and lepers) and she has no fear of the gods (traditionally more male than female characters). This suggests to me that Lady Eboshi had a traumatic history and also has a lot of anger towards patriarchal figures.

Focusing on ‘The Hero’s Journey’ (Vogler, 1992), my fan fiction is set in Act 1. I gave her the name of Sakura, meaning ‘cherry blossom’, in order to show that once she did have a softer, gentler part of her personality however, this changed when she was kidnapped and traumatised by pirates.  Act 1 proceeds through limited awareness, increased awareness and reluctance to change (paragraph 1: Sakura recounts the events of the last few days, realises her fate and descends into a state of helplessness wanting to kill herself). In paragraph two, her helplessness turns to anger and proceeds to take action in gathering her courage, rescuing Aki, killing the two pirates and escaping to where she is committing/crossing the threshold to becoming Lady Eboshi.

In Vogler’s seven character archetypes, Sakura (Lady Eboshi) embodies characteristics of The Hero. Initially she provokes the audience into feeling sympathy for her situation, however to an extent she transcends the Freudian ego from helplessness to rescuing both herself and Aki and overcoming the obstacle of escaping the pirates. Within my fan fiction, she is the most active character in her search for wholeness and a new identity; she is mostly independent thereby furthering the hero archetype.

Sakura’s mother (Okaasan) acts as The Mentor. Although pirates had murdered her, the memory of her is what motivates, Sakura to escape. She is a positive figure who brought up Sakura independently of her husband (no one knows what happened to him) but Sakura subconsciously feels abandoned and refuses to rely on any male. In a sense, Sakura’s Okaasan is her inner guide.

The Threshold Guardians are the pirates. They are male and are Sakura's traumatisers who embody, and symbolically represent, her neuroses and anger towards patriarchy. Additionally they represent the obstacle of escape.
Lastly, Aki is The Herald. She adds urgency to the plot because Sakura now has someone to rescue other than just herself – psychologically she is Sakura’s ‘call to change’, to act. The successful escape and rescue of Aki allows Sakura to shed her delicate, cherry blossom persona and become Lady Eboshi, the independent, matriarch of Iron Town.

Wednesday, October 24, 2012

Weeks 11/12 Reality TV aka Unspeakably Bad TV


How does Hill (2005) define reality TV?

Hill (2005) defines reality television as “a range of factual programming.” He goes on to unpack the definition and look at the meaning of reality TV through interpretation and evaluation. What Hill asserts is that to define a “genre in transition” we must take into account the audience’s interpretation and their diverse opinions on the diverse genre. Because subject matter plays little part in the definition of reality TV, it comes down to its origins, influences, production techniques and formats that allow us to put a series into the reality TV box.

Primarily, our understanding of the genre is based on our perception of the word reality. Whether we view life marooned on a desert island to be an ever-present possibility or throw sharp objects at the TV screen when The Hills is on, our perception of reality determines our level of participation in a genre that is constantly changing.

As a victim of genetic cynicism, my view of reality TV (and TV in general) lends itself to the latter. I fear it is because of this that despite it being Hill’s opening sentence; I wholly disagree with his definition. Sadly for the die-hard fans of Big Brother out there, the shreds of tangible reality remaining in reality TV are few and far between.

Editing and re-editing, scripted dialogue and ‘amateur’ actors, provide us a simulated reality which is in fact no more real than your average prime time sit com. Survivor is a classic case of, “I’m alone and hungry on a desert island… watching the crew eat Subway.” The million dollar prize actually goes to the contestant that doesn’t strangle the gaffer for his pasta carbonara that was golf-carted down to him from the Sunny Days Beach Resort two kilometres down the beach. If you are a revolting human, you make it to the semi-final because you make compelling television, if you are a bland human; you’re out in the second round. No amount of Darwin’s theory applies to reality TV because it is not reality. 

Reality television is predictable. Reality is not.

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See? You didn’t predict that.

Weeks 9/10 Cult TV


What role does Hills (2004) suggest the fans play in the construction of cult TV? How is new media central to this?

The fan of cult television plays a pivotal role in the longevity and status of a series. What a show like Joss Whedon’s Buffy the Vampire Slayer may have lacked in wider audience and network funding certainly made up the difference in cult followings and fan base.

Hills (2004) reinforces the fan role in cult television by going on to assert that it is the fine balance between premeditated construction and an enthusiastic fan base that firmly plants a TV show in this category. He asserts that siding with one or the other is overly simplistic and the nature of cult TV is hardly that. Jostein Gripsrud is quoted in Hills (2004) as defining fandom as the point “when an enthusiasm for a cultural object or other… takes on a totalising, defining role in people’s lifestyles and identities.”  
It seems that the Cult Television Phenomenon is not a phenomenon at all, but rather the planned execution of a series that fits the criteria of a production worth writing fan fiction about.

Buffy the Vampire Slayer achieves cult status by taking advantage of both industry television criteria and the fan collective. New media plays a patent role in the fan sphere by continuation the active and enthusiastic relationship outside the one hour a week viewing time. This can be seen in the omnipresent cult TV fan presence online and in the world of fan-zines, comics and conventions. Starting at the ubiquitous Facebook page, the manifestations of fandoms ‘fan out’  from  there; fan sites, episode guides, production histories, appreciation societies, fan fiction, e-bay memorabilia stores and so on, all of which is true for Buffy the Vampire Slayer. It is use of new media formats linking fans beyond their living rooms that are developing the inter-textual characteristics of Cult TV.

We can conclusively argue that despite large followings and subscribers, it is the fan base and following via new media fields that make Cult TV a sub-genre of Western popular culture, as opposed to a series falling into a clearly defined genre of its own doing.

Week Eight: Sci-Fi


Sci-Fi vs. Speculative Fiction



Margaret Atwood (2010) states the difference between “spec-fic” and “sci-fi” comes down to what is possible. Science Fiction deals with impossible or unlikely scenarios (given the state of the world at the time of writing, I suppose) where Speculative Fiction deals with scenarios that could have or could still possibly happen. By this train of thought, sci-fi automatically opens up to encompass anything or everything while spec-fic is bound by real scientific and sociological trends. 

There are some that contest this difference though. Peter Watts (2003) claimed that Atwood is attempting to “redefine the entire genre for no other reason than to exclude herself from it.” Going on to claim that spec-fic only exists as an alternative title to remove the connotations of sci-fi’s non-literary (or rather, critically panned) origins (by which I am referring to pulp novels).  Jamie Rubin (2011) has made the following observation; “It’s a misnomer: to speculate means to form a theory or conjecture without firm evidence. But any fiction is speculative in that sense.” This is an interesting point, and contradicts Atwood’s view by suggesting spec-fic has a much wider scope than she has allowed it. Rubin claims “the term feels like an attempt to rebrand the genre out of shame.”

It seems there are two camps relating to this discussion. On one hand, sci-fi is rejected due to it being seen as lowbrow. On the other hand, spec-fic is rejected by sci-fi purists who believe there is nothing shameful about it, and that its best works can be held in as higher regards as classic works of any literature. Personally, I feel inclined towards the latter, however I don’t take the view that spec-fic is a mere rebranding. Despite people’s opinions, Atwood’s differentiation of the possible versus the impossible is probably the easiest way to look at these genres, and to acknowledge the difference between them as two different points on the same scale, rather than two specifically different genres.

By Atwood’s definition, High Castle is definitely spec-fic. As the events of the novel could not take place without an alternate ending to WWII (of which almost infinite endings could have been possible), the entire novel exists in the “what-if” region of fiction. Admittedly, reading the book (my first by PKD) I had expected more traditional science-fiction elements; time warps, supernatural occurrences or fringe science. It boggles my mind that this novel could be seen as a science fiction in a time where the genre was typically seen as being about aliens and ray-guns, and thus not widely accepted as the great work of fiction that it is. 




Atwood, M. (11 December 2010). Margaret Atwood on speculative vs. science fiction. Retrieved from http://archive.bloggy.com/2010/12/margaret_atwood_on_s.html.

Rubin, J. (25 January 2011). Speculative fiction vs. Science fiction. Retrieved from http://www.jamierubin.net/2011/01/25/speculative-fiction-vs-science-fiction/

Watts, P. (Summer 2003). Margaret Atwood and the Hierarchy of Contempt.  Retrieved from http://www.rifters.com/real/shorts/PeterWatts_Atwood.pdf